So what were the incorrect information and myths that the movie 300 presented to its viewers?
Lets start by the Persian kings themselves. As depicted in “Xerxes” also known as “Khashayar”, the kings never shaved their heads or beards. They braided their hair. The Persian or Iranian Kings did not pierce their body or least not their faces to be visible; this was true throughout the Achaemenid or “Hakhamanesh” and the dynasties that followed them with occasional exception of ear piercing.

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It is important to know that unlike the movie 300 depicts, most Greek leaders, kings and scholars, if not all of them, including “Alexander the Great” were admirers of the Persians empire, kings, palaces and magnificent gardens. Most well-known of such palace was Persepolis, described as “The Richest City Under The Sun” whose remaining is still quite a magnificent site near today’s city of Shiraz. Alexander, in his youth, like many other Greek young students at the time studied the Iranian empire and its vast kingdom. The admiration and love for the Persian kingdom and their majestic palaces was so much that after the defeat of the Achaemenid’s king Darius III, Alexander married his daughter and declared himself “The Last Achaemenid Persian king”. He prepare a massive and glorious state funeral for him and procrlaimed that “He (Darius) is to be put to rest and honored as a Persian king.”
Unlike as it was shown by Zack Snydeir, director of 300, the Persian kings did not whip or beat their workers. As a matter of fact, the Persepolis, also known as the city of kings, was built by workers who were paid for moving the stones and sculpting them; the salary astonishingly was based on the quality of their work. This also included women who participated in most of the decoration as well as construction. Such a governing system was unheard of at the time, a period during in which, the Egyptians, the later Romans, and the Greeks themselves would beat and torture their slave workers to death.
The movie 300 also stressed on the implication that Xerxes or “Khasharyar shah” proclaimed himself as God. The Persian kings never declared themselves as Gods. It is widely accepted that the Iranians were the first people who declared their worship to the “one God”. This was fundamintal a religious belief that all kings and their general public adhered by. The kings, however, were perceived as the mediator between man an the God of Ahura Mazda. This religious belief was founded on one of the most ancient holy books; the book of “Avesta”, which enclosed the religion of Zoroastrianism, a small minority of which that day still exists in Iran and parts of India.
Based on the Zoroastrian doctrine, it was the strong emphasis on honesty and integrity that gave the ancient Persians credibility to rule their vast kingdom. This was true even in the eyes of the people belonging to the conquered nations (Herodotus, mid 5th century B.C). “Truth for the sake of truth” was the universal motto and the very core of the Persian culture that was followed not only by the great kings, but even the ordinary Persians who made it a point to adhere to this code of conduct.
The Persian kings believed in one religion and cultural tolerance. This important foundation initiated during the ruling of Cyrus the Great, the first Achaemenid king, who freed the Jews from exile in Babylon to return to today’s Palestine and Egypt. Under the rule of Cyrus The Great, the “Cyrus Cylinder” was issued; the most ancient document that is considered to be the first universal declaration of human rights.
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